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Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birt

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黄正萍

《寻找贡嘎最佳摄影点的八天七夜》[一] 既然无法逃脱，那就让我们走得更近一点！很多年以前，我第一次走在川西的大地上。新都桥傍晚的暮色中，我回头东望，赫然一排闪着银光的雪山漂浮在空中。我仍然记得，那时我恍惚的神情。后来，有人说，那就是贡嘎。那一年，是2007年。此后的每一年，那漂浮的雪山就一直萦绕着我。2008 年夏天的高尔寺垭口，我终于第一次把贡嘎的群山摄入了我的镜头。我清晰地记得，2008年夏天的早晨，高尔寺山垭口的晨雾中，远处那刺破苍穹的群峰。那一年，我知道，这就是贡嘎。2009年的夏天，川藏南线上留下了我十五天的足迹。这一年，我到了黑石山，找到了《中国国家地理》上那经典的贡嘎群山的摄影位置。《中国国家地理》的摄影师们给这里起了个神秘的名字：贡嘎黑石城。那一天，我也把云雾中的贡嘎群山收入了我的镜头。也就是在这一年，我对自己说：我要穿越贡嘎。也是在2009年，秋天。一次公差的机会让我重返了川西，我再一次来到了海螺沟，终于看到了蓝天下一览无余的贡嘎。可是，我至今仍然不知道，海螺沟冰川上的雪山是不是就是贡嘎的主峰？（查过一些资料，有说是，有说不是，希望8264上的高人给我一个明确的答案。）虽然在海螺沟看到的贡嘎是迄今为止我看到的最坦露的贡嘎，可我心不甘，毕竟那是海螺沟。2010年，我走了阿里大环线，贡嘎又一次留在了身后。记得在阿里的路上，我对我的朋友说：下一站是贡嘎。时间到了2011年，我却又一次把我一年中的唯一休假给了甘青川大环线，完成了我五年藏地的全部计划。可贡嘎，还是又一次虚无漂渺地漂浮在空中，漂浮在我的心头。所幸的是，2011年的十月金秋，在我甘青川大环线回来的三个月后，一个突然而至的机会完成了我多年的夙愿：拥抱贡嘎！五年以来，无论是在新都桥的暮色中，还是在塔公的草原；无论是在高尔寺山的垭口，还是在去居里寺的路上；无论是在二郎山的大渡河边，还是盘桓在剪子弯山；无论是在子梅垭口，还是在玉龙溪的泉华滩；145座5000米以上的雪峰簇拥着的贡嘎主峰，总会在你不经意间突然闯入你的视野。那种君临天下的气概，即便在几百公里之外，你都无法逃脱。既然是无法逃脱，那就让我们走得更近一点！ [二] 贡嘎的最佳摄影点既然是无法逃脱，那就让我们走得更近一点！一直以来，磨房上墨汁的经典贡嘎让一批批的驴友朝圣般地走向贡嘎，我也不例外。但我更欣赏《中国国家地理》摄影师们的严谨，那一幅幅精美的照片和照片背后的故事促使我在金秋的十月背起了行囊。我要找寻他们的足迹。八天七夜的时间里，我列了个单子，妄想把贡嘎的最佳摄影点一网打尽。贡嘎的最佳摄影点：1、子梅垭口2、子梅垭口去子梅村的盘山路上3、贡嘎寺4、泉华滩5、玉龙溪垭口（雅哈垭口）6、黑石山7、高尔寺山垭口8、牛背山而这其中，黑石山和高尔寺山垭口拍摄的贡嘎群峰已收录在了我2009年的镜头中；牛背山虽然在近几年让许多摄友蜂拥而至，但毕竟云雾莫测又远距离于主峰，我不想让有限的时间白白浪费，所以，这次的行程，我选择了前面五个摄影点。[三] 八天七夜的行程设计尽管是十月，一个欣赏川西秋色和贡嘎主峰美好的季节，但出发前的天气让我们忐忑不安，八天七夜的天气预报上尽是一个个阴沉的脸，这让我们的脸也一路阴沉沉的。为了确保能看到主峰，在行程的设计上，我们是三过子梅垭口，并且在子梅垭口下山后，走玉龙溪到甲根坝，这样的好处就是在几天的行走日子里，贡嘎主峰会一直跟随着我们。行程：D1新都桥D2新都桥—九龙D3九龙—伍须海—日鲁库草原—上木居—子梅垭口—上木居（一过子梅垭口看傍晚日照金山）D4上木居—子梅垭口—上子梅村—贡嘎寺（贡嘎主峰山脚）—上子梅村—子梅垭口—玉龙溪（早晨二过子梅垭口，傍晚三过子梅垭口）D5玉龙溪—泉华滩—玉龙溪垭口（雅哈垭口）—新都桥—康定D6康定—木格措—黄龙溪古镇D7黄龙溪古镇—成都D8成都宽窄子巷在以上的行程中，三过子梅垭口让我们终于看到了贡嘎那君临天下的气概和浩瀚的云海；而在泉华滩，我们找到了中国国家地理摄影师拍摄并入选《中国国家地理选美中国》贡嘎群峰的相片的位置，复制了一张几乎相同的相片。如果有人问我，八天七夜的日子里，哪些景色留下了最美的记忆？毫无疑问，那就是一路相随的贡嘎，尤其是在子梅垭口和垭口去上子梅村的盘山路上的贡嘎主峰以及泉华滩上拍摄的贡嘎群峰。当然，除了贡嘎，留给我们美好印象的还有在新都桥遇到的川西今年的第一场暴雪、伍须海的惊艳和新都桥甲根坝的秋色。。。而我们的故事，还得从第一晚新都桥不期而至的暴雪说起。。。 [四] 如果有一天，我老无所依，请把我埋藏在川西的秋天里故事暂且不表，先上几张沿途的PP解解馋。其实，到了新都桥的第一个晚上，川西下了一场暴雪，这也是川西今年的第一场大雪。这场暴雪是我们事先没有预料到的，最深处居然有50CM厚度。当时，我们都傻眼了，我们甚至害怕被困在新都桥，甚至萌发了改变行程的想法，因为我们不确定我们的越野车是否能安全地抵达贡嘎。所幸我们坚持了下来，而随后的一路美景让我们语无伦次：川西的秋色掩映在冬雪之中，片片金色映衬着雪白的世界；而雪后的贡嘎是那么纯净，天是那么湛蓝。感谢川西的暴雪，让我们在秋天的季节里看到了冬天的景致，看到了雪后的蜀山之王。当然，随之得出的结论就是：草人，人品真好！在一路的美景中，同行的耗子情不自禁地高歌：如果有一天，我老无所依，请把我埋在春天里！高反，让我这兄弟已分不清是春天还是秋天了。可是，这是秋天还是冬天呢？我也不知道。我只知道，如果有一天，我老去，请把我埋藏在川西，那是一件幸福的事情。子梅垭口仰望贡嘎主峰子梅垭口到上子梅村的盘山路上的马帮和贡嘎主峰旗云、主峰和牦牛旗云和主峰夕照下的贡嘎云海泉华滩——复制了一张中国国家地理摄影师拍摄的贡嘎群峰伍须海——惊艳的秋雾伍须海—秋天的色彩伍须海—雾松伍须海的松萝伍须海—秋天的邀请甲根坝的冬雪世界楼上的二位大姐大。到底是谁不带谁去啊？西湖的甘青川与我们同一时间却与我们背道而驰，之后又悠哉悠哉去了微笑的柬埔寨；茗禅在我们去甘青川时又一次冒充强驴穿越莲花湖到了贡嘎；抛下吾等三只懒驴，只好乖乖地不拖大姐大们的后腿孤独地在贡嘎自恋一番。还有楼上的本色兄，阿里回来之后，老是想起他那机关枪一样的声音：ISO200，光圈11，暴光减一档。。。估计玛多的惊魂不能让他停止继续前进的脚步。最可气的是成都那二妮子，在康定时，我和达华给她们打电话想让她俩赏给我们一杯成都的功夫茶以庆祝我们胜利穿越贡嘎，没想到她们却跑到九寨去了，害得我们只能在双流独自彷徨，达华甚至忧伤地唱起了：“哥哥找妹泪花流，不见阿妹心忧愁；一路一回头，只好流浪到双流；到了阿妹家门口，阿妹却在九寨沟”。沙德途中朋布西朋布西九龙秋色鸡丑山下人家，让我想起了亚丁和雨崩。日鲁库草原的水云海光影中的达华贡嘎云海藏族人家—拍摄于玉龙溪藏族妇女—拍摄于玉龙溪泉华滩—拍摄贡嘎群峰的绝佳之处贡嘎寺。贡嘎寺是欣赏贡嘎主峰的最佳位置，可惜云雾遮掩。冰河的前端就是主峰的山脚，也是登山大本营。玉龙溪雅哈垭口的贡嘎甲根坝的秋天新都桥—秋天的请柬瓦泽—秋天的倒影瓦泽—秋天的张力折多山木格措([]

亚洲天堂麻豆网

黄俊铭

《序》置身车水马龙，霓虹闪烁的都市，竟然觉得如此陌生。眼前晃动的，依然是棘丛倒木、悬崖峡谷，还有那雄浑的山脊和广阔的苔原。徜徉在长白山的怀怉，与世隔绝的7天6夜已成我与队友们生命中不可磨灭的一部分，必将带给我们永久和激动人心的回忆。对于每个户外人来说，穿越长白山无疑都是一个美好的梦想。然而，由于长白山特殊的地貌和管理等方面的原因，并不是每个人都有机会实现这个梦想。对于立志成为吉林户外精英团队的特战山地旅来说，穿越长白山更是我们的一种责任和荣耀。2008年，我们胜利完成了长白山南北大穿越（https//www.ccfreeman.com/bbs/forum.php?mod=viewthread&;tid=24453&extra=page%3D8），然而，这个胜利无法让我们感到满足，因为我们的计划设定的只是从一个位置登上天池火山口。2010年，当我们准备从多个位置再次登上天池火山口时，途中遭遇了恶劣天气，不得不临时改变线路，抱憾而归（https//www.ccfreeman.com/bbs/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=27995&extra=page%3D4）。 2011年的“十一”长假，我们再次向长白山发起冲击，并设定从北坡、西坡和南坡各找一个位置登顶天池火山口。计划名称定为《“三点看天池”7天6夜长白山大穿越》。在4号界碑和6号界碑间，属于我方天池火山口的范围，被北坡景区和南坡景区分割成三部分，连续穿越很难实现。我们所设定的计划，实际上是一次跳穿，而在酷似盆沿的火山口上实现跳穿，除了大落差的上升和下降之外，更要绕过景区和公路，难度和强度大大增加，此外，还必须经过进山和出山的漫长的原始丛林穿越，其间，峡谷遍布，倒木纵横，因此，时间对于这次计划的完成来说更是一个不得不考虑的因素，7天6夜并不宽裕。感谢上苍，赐给我们晴好的天气。当计划制定周密并准备充分后，天气便是计划成败的决定因素；感谢大山，保佑我们平安。山是有灵性的，当你怀着执着的朝圣之心走向她的时候，她终将会敞开怀抱接纳你；感谢队友，给我勇气和信心，你们的一路相伴，才终于让我有机会筑梦成真。这次穿越，对于年轻的特旅来讲，创造了两个记录：一是连续负重穿越时间最长的记录—15小时；二是无补给连续露营时间最长的记录—6夜。对于每个参加穿越的队员来说，每个人都有各自不同的收获。而对于路线的设计和活动的组织者来讲，此次行程对我来说更有不同寻常的意义—四十岁的生日，我正是在穿越途中度过的。先上几张片子：《秣马厉兵》行走在都市的街头，我的步伐比以往任何时候都更加坚定；环顾往来的人群，突然产生一种凌空俯视的感觉。有人说，喜欢户外的人大多比较自我，回想起7天6夜的经历，这一刻，这种特质在我身上被瞬间放大。为什么要登山，为什么要穿越？这个话实在无需浪费笔墨。酒逢知己饮，诗向会人吟。道不同，不相为谋。能来这里阅读文字的，必定是同道中人。话似乎有些扯远了，还是回到这次穿越，从计划的制定说起吧。顾名思义，特战山地旅（以下简称特旅）的活动自然是以山地穿越为主。根据时间和强度划分，目前特旅的活动主要分为四类：一是休闲计划，以短途的户外放松娱乐为主，同时给家人和朋友创造亲近户外的机会；二是训练计划，就近就便，以提高户外技能和锻炼体能为主；三是作战计划，主要利用双休日或小长假对省内的陌生山地进行穿越，露营一到二日，活动有一定的强度；四是攻坚计划，利用长假，进行长线山地穿越，全程负重，露营三日以上，活动的强度、难度和危险性并存。以上活动分类中，最令人期待、最激动人心、最值得回忆的当属攻坚计划。然而，由于时间关系，一年之中，最多也仅“十一”和“春节”这两次机会。而春节期间，由于习俗的季节的原因，基本很难出行。因此，对执行攻坚计划来说，“十一”长假就显得更为珍贵。自2007年5月成立以来，特旅每年都会利用“十一”长假进行攻坚作战，2011年的“十一”，自然也不会例外。几个月前，队友们就关切地询问这次计划，当时我一直盘算着去长白山锦江大峡谷穿越。直到临近“十一”时，我突然改变主意，决定还去穿越长白山。因为穿越峡谷用不了太多时间，却会为此浪费整个“十一”长假，实在可惜。还有，去年因天气原因，没能按预定路线完成长白山的穿越，让我一直耿耿于怀，总想补上这个缺憾。再有，就是长白山的壮美和博大，时时呼唤着我再次投入她的怀抱。目已确定，穿越的思路也很快成型。第三次去同一个地方，线路的复杂程度必然要超过前两次。三坡连穿虽无法实现，但三坡跳穿总还不成问。接下来需要做的，就是详细的线路设计，这是一项非常耗费心血的工作，需要收集大量的信息，需要反复的权衡和比较，需要想像和假设，需要不断地否定。过程虽很痛苦，但痛苦的煎熬注定会有收获，在出发的前3天，穿越的详细线路终于出炉，所有穿越用图的准备也同时完成。直到这时，我才长出一口气，感到无比的轻松。“把每次户外行动当成作战任务来对待，不打无准备之仗”，这是特旅的一贯作战原则。路线制定越周密，准备工作越充分，计划成功的机率就越高，发生危险的机率就越小。最不费力气的，当属队员的选择。熟悉的，经常一起出队，已经熟悉得不能再熟悉；说不熟悉的，也并非只是一面之交。总之，彼此之间，大家都已相当了解。至于装备和食品的准备，由于有以前的经验做参考，个人东西自己准备，公用物品按分工落实，一切准备工作按部就班进行。9月28日，行前准备会议召开。除了远在吉林的驴行者外，所有队员悉数到场。会上，我向队友们介绍了穿越线路和行程注意事项，并对装备准备情况进行逐项落实，队友们集思广益，对很多细节问进行了探讨和明确，游医和佳一将买好的公共食品发放给大家分头携带。一切就绪，只待出发。本次穿越过程中所使用的地图和备用图：出行前的准备会上，讲解穿越路线：公共食品和装备称重：行程文字写的太慢。先再上几张照片：第一天：夜入深山节后上班，听说“十一”期间我们去了长白山，同事女孩儿以为我们只是在山中找个地方一猫，呆了七天六夜然后就出来了。实际上，我们的行程远非她想像的那样简单。七天六夜，我们一直在与时间赛跑，一直在与自己抗争。如果没有亲身经历过，很难体味到其中的艰辛。七天六夜，我们风餐露宿，疲于奔波，每天除了睡觉，吃饭，其余时间全部用来赶路。而这里所说的路，根本就算不上路，除了天池火山口附近及刚入山时有一小段路有人踩过的痕迹外，其余所到之处根本看不到人迹。我们硬是用自己的身体和双脚，怀着必胜的信念，凭借无畏的勇气，在荆丛倒木、峡谷溪流、高山草甸、陡坡碎石间，开辟了一条通往胜利的艰难之路。经过6个小时的颠簸，载着九名特旅战士的大客车于10月1日凌辰1时抵达二道白河镇。在寒冷漆黑的街头，经过20分钟的等待，热心的出租车司机帮我们联系好了25元一位的旅店，但经大家简单商议，最终放弃了临时住店的想法，决定连夜进山。于是，三台出租车分别载着三名队员，刺破浓重的夜幕，无声地驶向长白山北坡山门。不到30分钟，车辆顺利到达预定的穿越起点，付过车款，告别司机，我们整理好行装，离开公路，一头扎进暗无边际的原始丛林。此刻刚好凌辰2时。9月30日17时，在长春黄河路客运站等车。不出门不知道人多。一路走来，车上，路上，站里，到处都是人。发车比平时晚了一个半小时。没有办法，长假使然，就这国情。寒冷的二道白河街头（拍摄时间：2011.10.10056）包车三辆，即刻进山到达穿越起点：整装待发（拍摄时间：2011.10.10159）：一头扎进茫茫的原始丛林：对于特旅战士来讲，夜战已习以为常。开始的一段路，灌木密布，地上是松软的腐殖，头灯的光线在黑暗中显得异常明亮。接下来是松树林，地上是厚厚的青苔和松针，偶尔需要跨过一些倒木，相对来说，这种地貌的通行速度已经是很快的了。经过一条深沟，两次跨过沟中的小河，地势略有改变，爬坡的感觉开始明显。过河爬坡，过倒木（拍摄时间：2011.10.10305）行进途中，忽然发现GPS的指示方向有些偏移，赶紧校正位置，发现下一个导航点应该在河的另一侧，而此时，河谷变得又陡又深，根本无法跨过。于是，我们继续沿河上行，准备择机跨过峡谷。凌辰四点的时候，我们还没有找到过河的合适位置，大家又困又冷，有的队员建议就地扎营，等天亮再行过河。我马上否决了这一建议，因为距离天亮仅一个多小时的时间，扎下帐篷一会儿天就亮了，再收帐篷很浪费时间。更主要的是，此刻，在满是倒木和荆棘且地势不平的密林中，想找到一块营地是一件非常奢侈的事情。幽深的河谷：稍事休息后，我们继续前行，走出不远，发现峡谷这侧的坡度相对变缓，全体队员小心翼翼下到谷底，跨过谷底河流，准备上升至峡谷对面一侧的上方平台。咳嗽在前面探路，爬了一半，发现上方有一个断崖，断崖下方土质疏松，滑坠的危险极大，于是我们决定放弃这个位置，全体人员又下到谷底贴着崖壁继续前行找路。上有断崖行不通，我们只能撤回谷底继续找路：走出几十米远，发现上方的坡度变缓，似乎可以通过。我和咳嗽卸下背包，在我的帮助下，咳嗽徒手攀到断崖上方，并继续向上探路，不一会儿，咳嗽转了回来，说上方可以通过。终于看到了希望，大家都略微松了一口气，不过仰望眼前的断崖和上方长长的陡坡，心情又变得沉重起来，爬上去并不是一件轻松的事。开文找出绳子，甩给咳嗽，咳嗽再次爬上坡顶做好保护后，将绳子放了下来，先将自的背包吊了上去，然后，队员们拉着绳子，一个个负重爬上断崖，并陆续爬至坡顶。咳嗽爬至崖上探路：做好上方保护后，咳嗽将绳子扔给队友：队友们在崖下等待（拍摄时间：2011.10.1 0450）百度在绳子的保护下爬上断崖驴行者和游医爬断崖KEVIN收队，最后一个爬上断崖在我们陆续攀爬的过程中，天色渐亮，等最后一个队员爬至坡顶时，天光已大亮。驴行者拿出炉具，煮了一大锅咖啡，大家分别拿出自己的干粮，就着热咖啡吃下，这就是我们第一天的早餐。胜利跨过峡谷，三军过后尽开颜（拍摄时间：2011.10.10530）跨过峡谷，就如同红军渡过赤水一样，我们大踏步向着预定的导航点进发。因为一夜未合眼，上午的时候有些头重脚轻的感觉，下午就什么感觉都没有了，大脑基本是一片空白，双脚就是机械地向前挪动。队友们的感觉估计也好不到哪去，因为他们还不如我能熬夜，但是没有一个人喊要休息，要扎营。大步向前：原始丛林中的艰难行进：([]

亚洲天堂网在线观看

黄俊娟

南疆，影像及文字游记已经相当泛滥，再发似乎意义不大。纠结良久，感觉某些视角还是有所不同。可以说，大多数的游记照片主要是若干较为精彩的点，这里记录的是线甚至是面，所以不管你走过、还是没有走过，只要耐心看完，也许都会.有.所收获。照片约半数是在行驶的车上所拍，清晰度不够好；另外，筛选也不充分，存在部分雷同，还请见谅。外一帖：柬埔寨越南多层面全方位巡游 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-970955-1-1.html 给出了各部分链接，可以选择浏览。以下是行程概要： 7月13日-16日福州往乌鲁木齐关键词：西安、乌鲁木齐人民广场、红山公园、人民公园。 7月17日重游吐鲁番及往和硕关键词：火焰山、葡萄沟、维吾尔古村、交河故城、坎儿井。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-4-1.html 7月18日巴音布鲁克天鹅湖九曲十八弯关键词：壮美大草原、天鹅湖、九曲十八弯。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-13-1.html 7月19日巴音布鲁克往轮台 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-20-1.html 7月20日阿克苏天山大峡谷克孜尔千佛洞关键词：天山魔鬼地貌、天山大峡谷、克孜尔千佛洞、千泪泉。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-23-1.html 7月21日塔克拉玛干沙漠穿越及和田关键词：塔克拉玛干大沙漠、壮观固沙草堤、和田。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-39-1.html 7月22日和田往喀什及喀什扫描关键词：大清真寺、香妃墓、喀什老城、人民公园、河畔风光。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-44-1.html 7月23日喀什往塔县及白沙湖喀湖红其拉普关键词：白沙湖、喀拉库勒湖、墓士塔格峰、公格尔山、塔什库尔干县、红其拉暜口岸。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-56-1.html 7月24日塔县石头城及往喀什阿克苏关键词：石头城、塔什库尔干大草原、塔县到喀什沿途奇妙景观。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-73-1.html 7月25日阿克苏往博斯腾湖及和硕关键词：博斯腾湖原生态美景、快艇飞驰。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-90-1.html 7月26-27日和硕往乌鲁木齐关键词：沿途景观、乌鲁木齐扫街。 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-965058-111-1.html 7月28日西安候车扫街关键词：西安扫街。利用西安转车间隙，打算看下园博会，结果令人失望，于是折回。多次路经西安，转车之余总喜欢坐上公交到处乱逛。呵呵，还是大雁塔。往乌鲁木齐途中。林则徐塑像，对于福州人而言倍感亲切啊！再重游下人民公园。吐鲁番景点游一次都嫌多了，这次是随队第二次走，身不由己啊。到葡萄沟了。和硕街道。此前几十公里的公路都在翻修，车子只能走旁边的便道，时速大约20公里。到达巴音布鲁克。巴音布鲁克草原平整、广阔、水肥、草美，质量比那拉提好很多，不过那拉提草原有高山、河流、森林点缀总体美感较好！由于一路车速太快，照片大都没拍好，这张是很一般的景色。天鹅湖起行点。据称到天鹅湖是沼泽地（其实只是丰水季节湖水上涨会淹没部分草地，行走不便而已），需要花费60元骑马。哈！俺快走15分钟就到了天鹅湖，比骑马的还早了一步。很侥幸，看到天鹅，可惜是落单的（天鹅总是出双入对从一而终，落单必有缘故）。原以为天鹅落单可能是受伤了，现在看它正常飞了起来。回到起行点。九曲十八弯初见端倪。登顶后的马儿。巴音布鲁克街景。巴音布鲁克去往轮台途中。几十公里的路段都在修路。巴轮台荒废的火车站。巴轮台街景。住宿处。原计划由轮台穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠到民丰、和田，由于2天前和田突发袭警杀人事件，于是临时调整行程，先行前往阿克苏。去往阿克苏途中. 去往天山大峡谷沿途风光。天山大峡谷渐行渐近。到达天山大峡谷景区。([]

日本a在线天堂

刘政勋

本贴是小编在8264的处女贴，因为是个“生态学家”，所以必然先为大家介绍奇特的物种。小编酷爱野生动物，自然环境，以及相关的户外活动。曾亲身考察了各个洲的部分区域，将会以图文并茂的方式提供给大家不同当地物种与环境的知识，分享小编的个人经历。希望大家积极参与国外户外活动。如有不明处请不要犹豫询问小编，小编必定知无不言言无不尽。本帖主：山地大猩猩 Mountain Gorilla活动地点：东非（Uganda乌干达，Rwanda卢旺达）主要景点：布温迪不可穿越的森林国家公园（乌干达）Bwindi Impenetrable National Park https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1821265-pid-33537862.html 维龙加火山国家公园（卢旺达）Virunga Volcanic National Park https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1821265-pid-33547215.html附加景点伊丽莎白国家公园 (乌干达) Elizabeth National Parkhttps//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1821265-pid-33494840.html维龙加山地形图，山脉横跨乌干达，卢旺达与刚果。直奔主吧，非洲“山地大猩猩”保守估计少于1000只，属于严重濒危物种（严重程度超过大熊猫与江豚）。分布在乌干达，卢旺达与刚果的国家公园境内，属纯野生动物。银背：一个家族的首领，当仁不让的保护者。雄性在成年后，背部会长出银灰色的毛，身高大约在1.8米，体重200公斤，臂长2.3米，十分了得。后背毛发短，手臂毛发长而茂密。小编不敢亲身体验他的力道，所以无从估计，实在抱歉！不过听公园管理员说，10个美式橄榄球运动员也不能抗衡一只银背. 看到我们一行人后，自觉提醒家族成员，是一位首领的任务。行注目礼立刻抱起并保护幼崽。来几张局部特写（虽然爬了5个小时的山，但是扛着大白镜头是完全正确的）看到我们并无敌意，开始悠哉的打盹了。（估计是刚刚吃饱）大猩猩咬力惊人，遇到敌人时一定会撕咬对方。哥们你是不是改减减肥了，看你腰间那游泳圈！呵，“沉思者”你这还玩起造型来了？看到我们一行人不停围着族群走动拍照，显得有些不耐烦了，开始咆哮！（其实也就是打个哈气）仔细看上去，银背还是很帅的。雌性：哺育家族下一代的呵护者。体重几乎为雄性的一半：100公斤，身高1.3米，胸前有傲人的双峰，头部也比雄性小很多，容易区别。小编一行人里的妹子们！你们看人家多么汹涌澎湃！幼崽在母亲的怀里很安逸。特写： “你在想什么呢”？“小宝宝与妈妈” 这伟大的一刻让我抓拍下来了！我们这使劲的拍，你就不能关照一下吗？就知道睡！你表情那么凝重干嘛？雌性局部特写未完待续，还有幼崽，家族结构，国家公园风景，其他大草原上的动物的介绍，以及全部东非生态游的行程慨括。幼崽：活泼可爱，却命运不定的嬉戏者。猩猩幼崽喜爱玩耍，经常爬树，与其他幼崽摔跤，打闹，游戏。这样有助于他们的成长与学习，必要时成年雄性与雌性也会参加到游戏当中。爸爸说：“喂，你过去跟这帮人类打个招呼，注意点啊。”小家伙爬到离我们差不多2米的距离是，我旁边的小妹估计是有点害怕，站起身来要往后退。当时银背就立起来了，我那个汗啊！预感要出事了，公园巡逻员立刻按住小妹让她蹲下，才避免了悲剧发生。还知道找妈妈要东西吃！幼年的猩猩活动量非常大，几乎没有闲着的时候，扒高上低让我们很难抓拍。算了，直接上嘴咬吧。小编一开始为什么说幼崽的命运是不定的呢？这就要从大猩猩的族群制度开始讲起了，首先一个族群只能有一个领头银背，4-7个左右的成年雌性，3-5个成年雄性（也可能是首领银背的兄弟或儿子），其他为4岁以下的幼年猩猩。大猩猩没有领地性，哪里有实物就去哪里。偶尔遇到豹子之类的掠食者，银背会挺身而出，但是惧怕变色龙与鳄鱼等爬行类动物。当遇到另一个族群时，如果出现矛盾，银背会开始攻击对方的首领，直到死亡。当一个族群没有首领时，幼年的猩猩就会被新首领杀死，以保证自己与后代以后不受威胁，生物上称这种现象为 infanticide (杀婴）。聊完山地大猩猩，那么开始介绍这一趟旅行的过程。我们做的是埃塞俄比亚航公公司的班级，大家也可以选择肯尼亚航空，这一点不详细介绍了。DAY 1：乌干达首都：坎帕拉。听向导RICHARD 讲，坎帕拉有五个丘陵，分别成为一个镇区，当地的人民虽然在城里长大但是都有自己所属的部族。我们外国人当然分不清啦！也学了几句Swahili,但是现在全忘了。整个城区就是一个字，乱。毕竟经济不发达，而且自从1962年独立后也饱受国家民族内战，希望以后会慢慢好起来。以为独立之前是英殖民，所以公路上也是左行，偶尔能看见基座高楼，十字路口也会有白衣警察。80%多人都信奉基督，具体是天主教还是新教没有多问，也有伊斯兰教徒。在坎帕拉其中一个山丘俯瞰城区市里的清真寺([]

麻豆av影视一区二区三区

赵佩玲

金秋十月，有幸与中国民俗摄影协会徐州分会一起去华北晋冀摄影采风行。国庆长假，对去哪里和怎么去一直是个很纠结的事情。十一长假，金秋季节，不出去吧，觉得错失好季节，出去吧，又担心车满人满，到哪里都是人挤人，人挨人，这对于不爱凑热闹的驴友影友们而言是个大忌。正巧摄影协会也在讨论此事，最后决定走一条冷门线路，来一次金秋晋冀摄影采风行，哇，好线路，二话不说，咱报名，于是乎，就“成就”了这趟旅行线路：徐州—清西陵—紫荆关长城—蔚州古城—上苏庄—空中草原—蔚县—暖泉古镇—大同—悬空寺—应县—恒山—平遥—徐州D19月30日徐州—清西陵 9月30日晚上8：00，一行32人包了一辆大客出发了，一车的欢声笑语，一夜的辛苦旅途，于10月1日清晨到达此行的第一站——清西陵。D2 10.1清西陵—紫荆关—乌龙沟—蔚县清西陵位于河北省易县城西15公里处永宁山下，离北京120多公里。周界约100公里，面积达800余平方公里。清西陵是清代自雍正时起四位皇帝的陵寝之地，陵内共有14座陵墓，包括雍正的泰陵、嘉庆的昌陵、道光的慕陵和光绪的崇陵。此外还有3座后陵，以及若干座公主、妃子园寝。我们第一个参观的是光绪的崇陵。崇陵是光绪皇帝的陵墓，也是我国最后一座帝王陵墓。光绪帝名载湉，爱新觉罗氏。其父是道光皇帝的第七子醇亲王，其母叶赫那拉氏，是慈禧太后的胞妹。同治帝病故后，由慈禧太后做主，指定继承皇位。崇陵始建于1909年，陵址名叫金龙峪。其规模虽不如雍正、嘉庆的陵墓那样庞大，没有大碑亭、石像生等建筑，但它除继承清代建陵规制，参照咸丰帝定陵、同治帝惠陵的风格外，又吸收了古代建筑技术的某些精华，仍具有它的特色。整个陵寝根据守卫和祭把的需要，建筑了五孔桥、巡房、牌楼门、神厨库、三路三孔桥、朝房、班房、隆恩门、燎炉、配殿、隆思殿、三座门、石五供、方城、明楼、宝顶和地宫。皇家的陵寝就是不一样，入陵的牌楼门都是这么有气派。步入牌楼门看这汉白玉桥栏杆的“三路三孔桥”，真有天安门金水桥的范儿。隆思殿内用的木料均为异常珍贵的铜藻、铁藻，质地坚硬无比，用这种木料制作一把普通太师椅，重量竟高达百余斤，所以隆思殿被誉为“铜梁铁柱”，且梁架之间增加了隔架料，既能托顶，又使殿内更加美观。隆思殿内的四根明柱，底部有海水江涯图案，柱身为一条金龙盘绕向上，较其它帝陵的宝相花更加富丽堂皇。尽管非常之奢华，皇家，最终也随着流逝的时光成为了过去。。。。后面的这座院落，便是光绪皇帝的陵寝。光绪登基时，正值清朝面临内忧外患，营造陵寝的工程不能如期破土动工，一直拖延到1908年，光绪皇帝驾崩，1909年才由宣统朝着手操办。修建期间，清朝已走向灭亡，宣统皇帝与隆裕皇太后退位，于是向中华民国政府提出要求：“德宗崇陵未完工程，如制妥修，其奉安典礼，仍如旧制，所有实用经费，均由中华民国支出。”当时，南京临时政府的议和代表及各省都督，对清室要求宽大应许。正门显然不是我们走的，我们自然是走边门进入。　光绪驾崩时，陵还未建，他的梓宫(棺椁)在故宫观德殿暂安。1909年3月，光绪的棺椁又由观德殿迁往西陵梁格庄行宫停放，一路起落，共耗银438400多两。虽然北京至西陵当时已通火车，但光绪棺椁仍用人抬。前面有卫兵开道，随后是皇帝和王公大臣，后面还有隆裕皇后、瑾贵妃等，最后是1400多辆轿车。棺椁拾至阜城门，仅十里远，就撤掉纸钱1000斤，用银260两。北京至西陵行程240华里，抬杠夫每天分为60班，每班128人，轮流抬着棺椁艰苦行进。沿途支搭三宿芦殿，耗银29000两，经过四天三夜，才把光绪的棺椁运到梁格庄行宫，安放于正殿之中。不知当时从北京至西陵行程240华里，杠夫每天分为60班，每班128人，经过四天三夜，轮流抬着棺椁是如何艰苦行进的，但从这陵寝正殿可以感受出当时的排场了。正在这高大的地宫正殿前拍摄，突然从上面跑下来一个孩子，我赶紧抓住机会咔嚓了一张，为这阴气沉重的陵寝增添了点“活气”。来此参观的人们大多是来凭吊下这段历史的，同时也通过这些看看皇家的奢靡生活。大殿下面的地宫才是摆放灵柩的地方。据说在光绪的棺椁正式安放崇陵地宫之际，清朝的遗老遗少还在这座帝王陵前，演出了一幕极尽愚忠的闹剧。光绪的老师梁鼎芬是比较典型的一位，他在崇陵的修建过程中，经常到工地瞻祝，为工程的修建筹款募捐。在为光绪送葬时，他由两个亲随搀扶着在陵前执绋(牵引灵枢的大绳)，从行宫一直走到下宫殿。当人们将棺椁、随葬品布置妥当退出地宫后，唯有梁鼎芬疯疯癫癫地坐在地宫内预备给光绪殉葬。后被其亲随背出，才算完事。还真有为清朝皇帝自愿殉葬的忠臣哦。尽管清廷的遗臣为修建崇陵费尽心思，光绪还是没有能够在他的地下寝宫里平安地长眠下去。1931年军阀混战时期，一伙不明身份的兵匪盗掘了崇陵地宫，多数随葬品被劫走。地宫中合葬着光绪帝和他的隆裕皇后，这是他们的棺椁，其陪葬物品自然是一无所有了。。。。。。。。。清西陵北依峰峦叠翠的永宁山，景态雄伟。这里有华北地区最大的古松林，数以万计的古松、古柏把这一带装点得清秀葱郁，古朴大方。这陵墓前还有个壁照，也是用来辟邪的吗？为了增强排水性能，每个宫殿基部都建有2米宽的散水，明楼前和三座门前分别挖砌了御带河，地宫内凿有14个水眼与龙须沟相通。妃子墓，妃子墓的琉璃瓦装饰就不是黄色的而是绿色的了。这满院子里的树让这沉寂的陵墓区不显得那么阴森了。这是珍妃的墓。清帝后妃有两位女子曾获“珍妃”这一封号，一位是道光帝珍妃赫舍里氏，另一位就是广为人知的光绪帝宠妃他他拉氏。珍妃（1876年－1900年），他他拉氏，满洲镶红旗人。清朝光绪皇帝妃子，也是最为受宠的妃子，后因获罪于慈禧而被投井杀害。而道光帝的珍妃赫舍里氏（1804－？）则卒年葬处不详。恪顺皇贵妃（1876年—1900年）他他拉氏，满洲镶红旗人，人们一般习惯按她曾获封的珍妃来称呼她。清朝光绪皇帝的侧妃，也是最为受宠的妃子，生于光绪二年二月初三为礼部左侍郎长叙之女。光绪十四年(1888年)10月初五慈禧太后选定其弟，副都统桂祥的女儿叶赫那拉氏为光绪帝之后，同时封珍妃与她的姐姐瑾妃为嫔，时瑾嫔15岁，珍嫔13岁。光绪二十年，两人同时晋封为妃。珍妃其祖父乃陕甘总督裕泰，其父长叙曾任户部右侍郎，其伯父长善乃广州将军，珍妃与其姊瑾妃自幼随长善在广州长大。珍妃10岁那年，长善卸任广州将军，她与姊姊随同北返北京。 1889年，珍妃两姊妹被入选宫中，13岁的她被封为珍嫔，15岁的姐姐封为瑾嫔，嫔为九等宫女序列中的第六等，直至光绪二十年甲午春(1894年)，因慈禧太后六旬万寿加恩得晋嫔为妃，前面还有皇后、皇贵妃、贵妃三个等级。光绪26年(1900年)8月初，八国联军集结兵力进攻北京，慈禧太后挟持光绪帝慌忙出逃。[行前，命太监将幽禁于北三所寿药房中的珍妃唤出，推入位于慈宁宫后贞顺门的井中淹死。当时，珍妃年仅25岁。瑾妃的墓光绪十四年（1888年），在光绪帝的选后大典上，瑾妃和妹妹珍妃同时入选，成为光绪皇帝的妃子，并在隔年元月行大婚礼，之后个别以瑾嫔和珍嫔的身分入宫。在入宫之后，瑾嫔住在东六宫之一的永和宫，妹妹珍妃也同样的住在同为东六宫之一的景仁宫。瑾嫔在宫中并未如妹妹珍嫔一般，获得光绪帝之宠幸，相反的，她和皇后—叶赫那拉˙静芬一般受到冷落，但瑾嫔并不以为意。六年之后，两人被晋升为瑾妃和珍妃。光绪二十年（1894年），珍妃因故得罪慈禧太后，姊姊瑾妃也受到牵连而一同被降为贵人，但在隔年两人又恢复了原本的妃子位号，但珍妃却受到了监禁，而瑾妃却依然保有自由、继续住在永和宫。光绪二十六年（1900年）七月，八国联军攻入京师，慈禧太后携宫眷出逃紫禁城，瑾妃便是其中一员。在宣统皇帝溥仪登基之后，瑾妃继续住在永和宫，并被尊为兼祧皇考瑾贵妃。在宣统逊位后，上徽号为端康皇太妃，她和溥仪的关系似乎不坏，溥仪称他为皇阿娘，每遇年节还会请她一同欢庆。溥仪退位后的次年，隆裕太后崩逝，瑾妃在四大太妃的地位中有所提高，她在四大太妃中年龄最轻，思想也较开通。民国十一年，在逊清朝廷为溥仪议婚时，瑾妃支持以婉容为皇后。瑾妃在永和宫过著很有品味的生活，时常以丹青书法自娱。在永和宫的摆设中，有着数样的瓶盘盆景、上头都镶嵌著精致出色的钟表和花鸟人物，同时她也是一位美食家，经常派人到京城附近的天福号买酱肘子供她吃早餐，由于瑾妃喜爱美食，因此永和宫里的小膳房，烹饪相当地出色，逊清的王公旧臣都爱吃她赏的饭。1923年,瑾妃五十寿辰,特邀请梅兰芳等著名京剧演员入宫演戏. 民国十三年（1924年），在和溥仪及其余逊清皇室成员欢度中秋佳节后，瑾妃受了风寒一病不起，五天后因情况恶化而死在永和宫，享年五十一岁，并以端康皇贵妃的身分，下葬于光绪帝的崇陵妃园寝。谥为温靖皇贵妃。在崇陵，还有做骑马旅游生意的，只是这么点路程，并没什么人骑马，这里的马儿就悠哉悠哉了。参观完崇陵接着去看泰陵。雍正的泰陵，居于陵区的中心位置，是清西陵中建筑最早、规模最大的一座。其余各陵则分布在东西两侧。泰陵的神道，由三层巨砖铺成，两边苍松翠柏，上南往北分布着40多项大大小小的建筑。 ([]

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